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閱讀理解：
Tracking Down HIV
In the summer of 1980,a patient had a strange purplish spot removed from below his ear.It was Kaposi's sarcoma,a rare form of skin cancer.This patient also had lymph node swelling and exhaustion.In November 1980,a Los Angeles immunologist examined a young man who had diseases linked to immune system malfunctions.The doctor had a T-cell count taken of the patient's blood.T-cells are a type of white blood cell that plays a key roll in immune responses.The patient had no helper T-cells.
By the end of 1980,55 Americans were diagnosed with infections related to immune system breakdown; four had died.A year later the death toll was 74.Intravenous drug users had T-cell abnormalities.People who had received blood transfusions showed symptoms of immune system breakdown.By July 1982,471 cases of the disease,now called Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome（AIDS),had been reported; 184 people had died.
In April 1984,American virologist Dr.Robert Gallo isolated the pathogen,or disease producer,responsible for AIDS.He called it HTLV-III.In Paris,Dr.Luc Montagnier identified a virus he called LAV.An international panel of scientists determined that both men had found the same virus.It became known as Human Immunodeficiency Virus（HTV).Blood banks began screening for HIV in 1985,but by then about 29,000 people had been infected through blood transfusions.Some 12,000 hemophiliacs had contracted HTV through blood-clotting products.By 1995,477,900 Americans had AIDS; 295,500 had died.
In 1996,researchers announced drugs that reduced HIV in infected people.Today scientists are testing vaccines and believe that if HIV can be suppressed,then perhaps it can be eradicated,but it is still a race against time.
1.This passage is mainly about______.
A.the spreading of the disease known as HIV
B.the work of Dr.Robert Gallo
C.infectious diseases
D.the symptoms of HIV
正確答案：A
答案解析：從開篇的病例介紹,到后面感染人數(shù)的不斷上升可以推斷出,這篇文章的主旨是講艾滋病病毒在美國(guó)的傳播。從第二段中的最后一句話可以看出,人們最初對(duì)艾滋病的冠名是在1982年7月,而那時(shí)全美已有病例471起,并有184人死亡了,因此可以推斷出是講該病毒的傳播的。
2.A T-cell is a ______.
A.patient's blood
B.deadly strain of tuberculosis
C.white blood cell important in providing immunity to disease
D.red blood cell
正確答案：C
答案解析：第一段的最后一句話里對(duì)T細(xì)胞進(jìn)行了定義,即其為白細(xì)胞的一種,并在免疫效應(yīng)中起關(guān)鍵作用,因此答案是選項(xiàng)C。
3.The final paragraph leads the reader to see that scientists______.
A.have no hope in ever finding a cure for HIV
B.have hope that a cure for HIV will be found
C.have run out of time to find a cure for HTV
D.are in a contest against each other to find a cure for HIV
正確答案：B
答案解析：文章最后一段的最后一句話提到了解題線索,即現(xiàn)在科學(xué)家正在測(cè)試預(yù)防艾滋病的疫苗,他們相信,如果該病毒能被抑制,就可能被根治。
4.The basic pattern used to develop this passage is______.
A.chronological order
B.personal narrative
C.comparison and contrast
D.question and answer
正確答案：A
答案解析：該題為對(duì)文章線索總結(jié)題,chronological order意思為“按照時(shí)間次序”,chronological意思為“時(shí)間的”,從該文中的幾個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)來(lái)看,人們對(duì)于艾滋病的接觸.了解.應(yīng)對(duì).研究,應(yīng)該是按照不同年份進(jìn)行的,故答案為選項(xiàng)A。
5.The word"eradicated"in the last paragraph means ______.
A.made extreme
B.celebrated
C.remove by rubbing
D.gotten rid of entirely
正確答案：D
答案解析：本題為詞義推斷題,eradicate的本義為“根除”,本題的解題線索在最后一段最后一句話的前半句,即“Today scientists are testing vaccines and believe
that if HIV can be suppressed”,只要了解suppress的詞義,即“抑制”,那么結(jié)合后面then（于是,那么)這個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)詞就可以推斷出后面的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)應(yīng)該和“根治”有關(guān),本題選項(xiàng)中的前三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均不含該意思,故答案為選項(xiàng)D。選項(xiàng)A為“成為極端”,選項(xiàng)B為“慶�！�,選項(xiàng)C為“通過(guò)摩擦被消除”,和前句大意均不相符。
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