第4部分：閱讀理解(第31—45題，每題3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面都有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀短文并根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問題，從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
Attention Blindness
Five or six years ago, I attended a lecture on the science of attention. A philosopher whoconducts research in the medical school was talking about attention blindness, the basic featureof the human brain that, when we concentrate intensely on one task, causes us to miss just abouteverything else. Because we can't see what we can't see, our lecturer was determined to catchus in the act. He had us watch a video of six people tossing basketballs back and forth, three inwhite shirts and three in black, and our task was to keep track only of the tosses among the people in white. The tape rolled, and everyone began counting.
Everyone except me. I'm dyslexic (有閱讀障礙的) , and the moment I saw that grainytape with the confusing basketball tossers, I knew I wouldn't be able to keep track of theirmovements, so I let my mind wander. My curiosity was aroused, though, when about 30seconds into the tape, a gorilla (大猩猩) came in among the players. She (we later learned afemale student was in the gorilla suit) stared at the camera, thumped her chest, and then strodeaway while they continued passing the balls.
When the tape stopped, the philosopher asked how many people had counted at least adozen basketball tosses. Hands went up all over. He then asked who had counted 13, 14, andcongratulated those who'd scored the perfect 15. Then he asked, "And who saw the gorilla?"I raised my hand and was surprised to discover I was the only person at my table and one ofonly three or four in the large room to do so. He'd set us up, trapping us in our own attentionblindness. Yes, there had been a trick, but he wasn't the one who had played it on us. Byconcentrating so hard on counting, we had managed to miss the gorilla in the midst.
This passage describes_______.
A.a basketball match
B.an experiment
C.a philosopher
D.a gorilla
32、 "Attention blindness" refers to_______.
A.the fact that one can't see what one can't see
B.seeing one thing while missing all else
C.keeping track of just about everything
D.the condition of being blind to details
33、 "Catch us in the act" (Para. 1 ) is closest in meaning to "find us _______. "
A.doing something improper
B.sleeping during the lecture
C.counting the basketball tosses
D.failing to notice something within sight
34、 How many people in the room saw the gorilla in the video?
A.1
B.3or4
C.13or14
D.15
35、 Whom does "he" (last paragraph) refer to?
A.The author.
B.The gorilla.
C.The lecturer.
D.The student.
The Family
The structure of a family takes different forms around the world and even in the samesociety. The family's form changes as it adapts to changing social and economic influences.
Until recently the most common form in North America was the nuclear family, consisting of amarried couple with their minor children. The nuclear family is an independent unit. It must beprepared to fend for itself. Individual family members strongly depend on one another. There islittle help from outside the family in emergencies. Elderly relatives of a nuclear family are caredfor only if it is possible for the family to do so. In North America, the elderly often do not livewith the family; they live in retirement communities and nursing homes.
There are many parallels between the nuclear family in industrial societies, such as NorthAmerica, and of families in societies such as that of the Inuits, who live in harsh environments.The nuclear family structure is well adapted to a life of mobility. In harsh conditions, mobilityallows the family to hunt for food. For North Americans, the hunt for jobs and improved socialstatus also requires mobility.
The nuclear family was not always the North American standard. In a more agrarian time,the small nuclear family was usually part of a larger extended family. This might have includedgrandparents, mother and father, brothers and sisters, uncles, aunts, and cousins. In NorthAmerica today, there is a dramatic rise in the number of single-parent households. Twice asmany households in the United States are headed by divorced, separated, or never-marriedindividuals as are comprised of nuclear families. The structure of the family, not just in NorthAmerica, but throughout the world, continues to change as it adapts to changing conditions.
Another good title for this passage would be______.
A.What Makes a Family
B.Life of Inuits
C.Living with Hardship
D.The Failure of the Nuclear Family
37、 A nuclear family is defined as______.
A.a married couple with their minor children
B.a single father with minor children
C.parents, grandparents, and children
D.parents, children, and aunts and uncles
38、 The information in this passage would most likely be found in ______.
A.an anthropology textbook
B.a biology textbook
C.a mathematics textbook
D.geography textbook
39、 The information in the first paragraph is presented mainly through______.
A.listing statistics
B.telling a story
C.pointing out similarities
D.pointing out differences
40、 The word "mobility" means______.
A.money
B.readiness to move
C.organization
D.skill
More Than a Ride to School
The National Education Association claims.“The school bus is a mirror of the community.” They further add that，unfortunately, what appears on the exterior does not always reflect the reality of a chosen community.They are right--sometimes it reflects more! Just ask Liesl Denson. Riding the school bus has been more than a ride to school for Liesl. Bruce Hardy.school bus driver for Althouse BUS Company has been Liesl’s bus driver since kindergarten.Last year when Liesl’s family moved to Parkesburg，knowing her bus went by her new residence。she requested to ride the same bus.
This year Liesl is a senior and will enjoy her last year riding the bus.She says，”It’s been a great ride so far! My bus driver is so cool and has always been a good friend and a good listener.Sometimes when you’re a child adults do not think that what you have to say is important.Mr.Hardy always listens to what you have to say and makes you feel important.’’Her friends Ashley Batista and Amanda Wolfe agree.
Bruce Hardy has been making Octorara students feel special since 1975. This year he will celebrate 30 years working for Althouse Bus Company，Larry Althouse，president of the company, acknowledges Bruce Hardy’s outstanding record：“You do not come by employees like Bruce these days. He has never missed a day of work and has a perfect driving record.He was recognized in 2000 by the Pennsylvania School Bus Association for driving 350,000 accident free miles.Hardy’s reputation is made further evident through the relationships he has made with the students that ride his bus.”
Althouse further adds，“Althouse Bus Company was established 70 years ago and has been providing quality transportation ever since.My grandfather started the business with one bus. ”
Althouse Bus Company is delighted to have the opportunity to bring distinctive and safe service to our local school and community and looks forward to continuing to provide quality service for many more years to come.’’ Three generations of business is not all the company has enjoyed.Thanks to drivers like Bruce Hardy，they have been building relationships through generations，Liesl’s mother Carol also enjoys fond memories of riding Bruce Hardy’s bus to the Octorara School District.
41The word“mirror'’in the first line could be best replaced by
A.“vehicle”.
B.“device”.
C.“need”
D.“reflection”.
42、 Bruce Hardy has been working with Althouse Bus Company
A.for 30 years.
B.for 70 years.
C.since last year.
D.since 2000
43、 Which of the following statements is NOT true of Bruce Hardy?
A.He is popular with his passengers.
B.He has never missed a day of work.
C.He is an impatient person
D.He has driven 350.000 accident free miles.
44、 Althouse Bus Company was founded by
A.Larry Althouse.
B.Althouse's grandfather
C.Liesl's mother
D.Ashley Batista.
45、 Althouse Bus Company pays much attention to
A.employing young drivers
B.running quality schools.
C.providing free driving lessons
D.building sound relationships.
