2015職稱英語(yǔ)考試復(fù)習(xí)資料之形容詞:
定義:形容詞是用來(lái)修飾名詞的詞,描述名詞的性質(zhì)、外觀、特點(diǎn)等。
功能:形容詞可以做定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)助語(yǔ)。
分類:主要分為兩類:描繪性形容詞和限定性形容詞。
● 描繪性形容詞主要用來(lái)描繪大、小、新舊、顏色、質(zhì)量等。
● 限定性形容詞主要用來(lái)限定所修飾詞的數(shù)量、距離及范圍所屬等。
1.當(dāng)形容詞修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí),必須與冠詞連用:
a lovely girl,the naughty boy.
2.形容詞可與系動(dòng)詞連用,做表語(yǔ),說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性狀。常用系動(dòng)詞有:be,become,seem,appear,feel,look,taste,smell,sound,remain,go,turn,keep,stay,etc.
The dish tastes delicious.
The music sounds sweet.
The milk went bad.
小心陷阱 feel,smell,taste,look,keep有時(shí)可以用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,并可以用副詞修飾。
He looked me up and down carefully.
I tasted the soup slowly to see whether it was salty.
3.形容詞用作后置定語(yǔ)。(簡(jiǎn)單理解:一般的形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)放在名詞前面,但有些形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)放在名詞的后面)
a river navigable(一條可通航的河)
sight visible可見的景象
person responsible(負(fù)責(zé)人)注意:responsible person(有責(zé)任心的人)
the best way possible(盡可能好的辦法)
the number necessary(必要的數(shù)量)
the people present(在場(chǎng)的人)
4.只能作表語(yǔ)的形容詞
1.某些表示健康狀況的形容詞。
well(身體好的),ill(病的),faint(虛弱的),poorly(身體不好的)
示例:His mother has been ill for a long time.
特別注意:sick是個(gè)特例。它既可做表語(yǔ),又可做定語(yǔ)。
He is sick for a couple of days.(他病兩三天了)
He is a sick person.(他是個(gè)病人。)
2.某些以 a-開頭的形容詞。
如:afraid(害怕的),alone(獨(dú)自的),alive(活著的),asleep(睡著的),awake(醒 著的),aware(意識(shí)到的)
The old man is alone in the house.(老人一個(gè)人在家。)
The teacher is alive with enthusiasm.(這位老師熱情洋溢。)
He is asleep in his mother's arms.(他在母親的懷抱中睡著了。)
I have been aware of the difficulty.(我已經(jīng)意識(shí)到了困難。)