2015職稱英語考試語法之指示代詞:
表示“這個(gè)”、“那個(gè)”、“這些”、“那些”等指示概念的代詞叫做指示代詞。
指示代詞有:this這個(gè),that那個(gè),these這些,those那些,it那個(gè),這個(gè),Such如此的,如此的事物,same同樣的,同樣的事物。
指示代詞this,these,that,those在句中的功用
指示代詞this,these,that,those在句中的用法相當(dāng)于名詞和形容詞,可用作主語、表語、賓語和定語。如:
This is a plane,這是一架飛機(jī)。(作主語)
Oh,it's not that.噢,問題不在那兒。(作表語)
How do you like these?你喜歡這些嗎?(作賓語)
This book is about Chinese traditional medicine.這是一本關(guān)于中醫(yī)的書。(作定語)
指示代詞ins,these,that,those的其它用法
1)This (these)常用來指在時(shí)間或空間上較近的事物,that(those)則常用來指時(shí)間或空間上較遠(yuǎn)的事物。如:
This is a sickle and that is an axe.這是一把鐮刀,那是一把斧子。
These days are cold.這些天很冷。
In those days the poor people had a hard time.在那些日子里,窮人生活很苦。
2)有時(shí)that和those指前面講到過的事物,this和these則指下面將要講到的事物。如:
I had a bad cold. That's why I didn't come.我傷風(fēng)很厲害,所以我沒有來。
Those two statements are not true.那兩種說法是不真實(shí)的。
What I want to say is this:Pronunciation is very important in learning English.我所要說的是:語音在英語學(xué)習(xí)中非常重要。
chairman Mao honoured Lin Hulan with these words:“A great life A glorious death”毛主席用下面的話表彰劉胡蘭:“生的偉大,死的光榮!
3)有時(shí)為了避免重復(fù)提到過的名詞,?捎胻hat或those代替。如:
The climate of shenyang is just as good as that of Beijing. 沈陽的氣候跟北京的一樣好。(that代替climate)
The county's grain output of 1981 was double that of 1970.這個(gè)縣1987年的糧食產(chǎn)量比1980年增加一倍。(that代替grain output)
Television sets made in Nanjing are just as good as those made in Shanghai.南京出產(chǎn)的電視機(jī)和上海的一樣好。(those代替television sets)
4)This和that有時(shí)作狀語用,表示“程度”,意謂“這么”和“那么”。如:
The book is about this thick.那本書大約有這么厚。
I don't want that much.我不要那么多。
It指人時(shí)亦用作指示代詞。指示代詞it在漢語中不必譯出。
如:
Who is it?――it's me.是誰?——是我。
Oh,it's you,Lao Wang.哦,是你呀,老王。