兒科學(xué)Pediatrics 兒童保健Child care 疾病防治Disease prevention 營(yíng)養(yǎng)基礎(chǔ)Basal nutrition 嬰兒喂養(yǎng)Infants’ feeding 營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良Malnutrition 小兒肥胖obesity in Childhood 解剖Anatomy: 生理生化Physiology and biochemistry: 營(yíng)養(yǎng)代謝Nutrition and Metabolism: 免疫Immunity: 病理Pathology: 疾病的種類Variety of Disease: 臨床表現(xiàn)Clinical Situation: 診斷Diagnosis 治療:Treatment 預(yù)后:Prognosis 預(yù)防:Prevention 胎兒期:Fetal Stage 胚卵期Ovigerm Stage 胚胎期Embryo Stage 新生兒期:Neonatal Period 臍帶Omphalus 足月兒Term Infant 早產(chǎn)兒Premature 過期產(chǎn)兒Post term Infant 圍產(chǎn)期Perinatal stage 嬰兒期:Infancy 幼兒期:Toddler Period 學(xué)齡期:School age 青春期:Adolescence 遺傳inheritance: 性別sex: 內(nèi)分泌endocrine: 孕母情況mother’s condition: 營(yíng)養(yǎng)nutrition:。 生活環(huán)境living environment: 急性感染acute infection 慢性疾病chronic disease 消化道疾病disease of digestive tract 內(nèi)分泌疾病endocrine disease 先天性疾病congenital disease 體格生長(zhǎng):Physique growth
攝入不足insufficiency of intake 胎糞排出excretion of meconium 水分丟失loss of moist 生長(zhǎng)高峰summit of growth 臥位clinostatasm 站立位erect position 頭頂vertex 恥骨聯(lián)合上緣superior margin of pubic symphysis 恥骨聯(lián)合上緣superior margin of pubic symphysis 足底sole 臍nave 頭圍:Head Circumference 胸圍:Chest Circumference 顱骨:Cranium 顱縫cranial sutures: 前囟anterior fontanel: 后囟posterior: 脊柱:Rachis ——生理彎曲的形成 長(zhǎng)骨:Long Bone 干骺端Metaphysis 軟骨骨化Cartilaginous ossification 骨膜下成骨Subperiosteum ossification 乳牙deciduous teeth 恒牙permanent teeth (乳牙)萌出eruption 神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)nervous system 脊髓spinal cord: 運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)育:Motor development 發(fā)音器官organs of voicing 聽覺sense of hearing 大腦語(yǔ)言中樞cerebral language center 語(yǔ)言交流communication 護(hù)理:Nursing 計(jì)劃免疫:Planned Immunity 心理衛(wèi)生:Mental Health 生活習(xí)慣living habit: 社會(huì)適應(yīng)能力social adaptation: 親情 parent-child relationship 健康查體:Physical Examination 隨訪follow-up 戶外活動(dòng)open field activity: 身體撫觸 stroking massage: 窒息apnea: 中毒intoxication
外傷trauma 預(yù)防接種:Vaccination 主動(dòng)免疫Active immunity: 被動(dòng)免疫passive immunity: 預(yù)防接種vaccination 小兒傳染病infectious disease 卡介苗Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine, BCG vaccine 脊髓灰質(zhì)炎疫苗 Polimyelitis Vaccine 麻疹疫苗Measles Vaccine 百白破三聯(lián)疫苗 Pertussis-Diphtheria-Tetanus triple vaccine 乙肝疫苗Hepatitis B vaccine 初種primary vaccination: 復(fù)種revaccination: 不良反應(yīng)reaction: 熱量的需要:Caloric Requirement 基礎(chǔ)代謝:Basal Metabolism 排泄 Excretion 蛋白質(zhì):Protein 碳水化合物:Carbohydrate 脂肪:Fat 維生素:Vitamins 水溶性維生素:Water-soluble Vitamin 脂溶性維生素:Fat-soluble Vitamin 礦物質(zhì):Mineral 膳食纖維:Dietary Fiber 母乳喂養(yǎng):Breast Feeding 母乳的成分:Component of Mother’s Milk 免疫物質(zhì):immune material 免疫球蛋白:Immune Gloulin 補(bǔ)體:Complement 乳鐵蛋白:Lactoferrin 溶菌酶:Lysozyme 雙歧因子:Bifidus Factor 細(xì)胞成分:Components of Cells 慢性消耗性疾。篊hronic consumptions 精神障礙:Mental disorders 急性傳染。篈cute infectious diseases 斷奶:Weaning 人工喂養(yǎng):Bottle-Feeding 稀釋:Dilution 加糖:Add Sugar 煮沸:Boiling 定時(shí)定量:Time and rationed Feeding 個(gè)體差異:Individual Difference
混合喂養(yǎng)Mixed Feeding 大小便:Defecation 代授法:Breast-bottle-feeding 補(bǔ)授法:Supplemental Feeding 輔食添加:The Introduction of solid food 營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良Malnutrition 代謝異常Developmental and Metabolic Disorder 臨床分型:Clinical typing 消瘦型Marasmus Malnutrition 浮腫型Edema Malnutrition 消瘦-浮腫型Marasmus—Edema Malnutrition 病因:Etiological Factor 攝入不足:Deficiency of Intake 輔食添加不及時(shí):Introduction of Solid Food 飲食結(jié)構(gòu)不合理:Incorrect Components of Diet 不良飲食習(xí)慣:Bad Eating Habit 消化吸收障礙:Disorder of Digestion and Absorption 消化道先天畸形:Congenital Anomaly of Digestive Tract 先天性代謝障礙:Congenital Dysbolism 消化功能紊亂:Disorder of Digestive Function 需求增多:Requirement Increases 生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育迅速的時(shí)期:The period when children grow rapidly 疾病恢復(fù)期:Recovery Phase of diseases 雙胎或多胎:Twins or Multiplets 早產(chǎn):Premature 消耗性疾病Consumptions 病理生理:Pathophysiology 代謝異常:Dysbolism 體溫調(diào)節(jié):Thermoregulation 機(jī)體各系統(tǒng)功能低下:Incapacity of Body Systems 消化系統(tǒng):Digestive System 循環(huán)系統(tǒng):Circulatory System 泌尿系統(tǒng):Urinary System 神經(jīng)系統(tǒng):Nervous System 免疫系統(tǒng):Immune System 臨床表現(xiàn):Clinical Situation 皮下脂肪Subcutaneous Fat 腹Abdomen 軀干Trunk 臀Breech 四肢Extremities 面頰Cheeks 皮膚Skin 干燥Dehydration
蒼白Pale; 肌肉Muscles 松弛Laxity 萎縮Atrophy; 精神狀態(tài)Mental Status 萎靡Dispirited 反應(yīng)差Low Response; 全身癥狀General Symptoms 并發(fā)癥:Complication 營(yíng)養(yǎng)性貧血:Nutritional Anemia 各種維生素缺乏癥:Various Kinds of Avitaminosis 感染:Infections 低血糖:Hypoglycemia 診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn):Standard of Dignosis 分型:Types 分度:Degrees 實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查:Laboratory Examination 鑒別診斷:Differential Diagnosis 治療原則:Therapeutic Principle 綜合治療Comprehensive Treatment 治療方法:Therapeutic Method 積極治療原發(fā)。篊ure the Primary Disease 飲食治療:Diet Therapy 藥物治療:Drug Treatment 支持治療:Supporting Therapy 危重癥處理:Treatment in Crises 度營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良伴腹瀉時(shí)的治療Severe Malnutrition companied by Diarrhea: 營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良性水腫的治療Nutritional Edema: 蛋白質(zhì)缺乏綜合癥(惡心營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良綜合癥)Kwashiorkor 添加輔食:Instruction of solid food 睡眠充足:Sufficient Sleeping 防治先天性疾病和小兒急性傳染。篜revention and Treatment of Congenital Diseases and Acute Infectious Diseases 孕期保健與產(chǎn)前診斷:Health Care in Pregnancy and Prenatal Diagnosis 新生兒篩查:Neonatal Screening 治療先天性疾。篊ure Congenital Diseases 按時(shí)預(yù)防接種:Vaccination on time 定期體格檢查:Regular Physical Examination 營(yíng)養(yǎng)障礙性疾病Dystrophy 病因及病理生理:Etiological Factor and Pathophysiology 單純性肥胖:Simple Obesity 攝入過多:Excessive Intake 活動(dòng)過少:Lack of Movement 家族遺傳:Inheritance
神經(jīng)、精神因素:Nervous and Mental Factors 繼發(fā)性肥胖:Secondary Obesity 膝外翻Genu Valgum 扁平足Fallen arch 性發(fā)育較早:Early Sexual Development 實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查:Laboratory Examinations 膽固醇Cholesterol 甘油三酯Triglyceride: β脂蛋白Beta Lipoprotein: 胰島素Insulin: 生長(zhǎng)激素Growth Hormone: 診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn):Standard of Diagnosis 輕度Mild: 制度Moderate: 重度Severe:
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